Re: How current is this? @ Charles 9
"Sorry, mate, you need to think more about the weapons and tactics, which was my point. Phalanx is a last ditch defence, because it is short range, max 2.2 miles."
Phalanxes are pretty small shipwise so can be put on many ships, INCLUDING the ships on the edge of your group. Heck, put a few on ALL the ships in your group and you have defense in depth.
"Now move on to the cream of the crop weapons, and think about the fact that although 4,500 rounds per minute sounds great, a Ruskie Zircon moves at 5,300 mph. How good is your radar, your gun control motors, your barrel accuracy etc?"
"Chances are that it'll splash the water behind the missile a treat."
Ever heard of LEADING the target? Targeting computers have been doing this since World War II and are much more capable now. Since in closing range a fast missile is unlikely to turn, it's actually easier to predict its path. It's not like a missile at Mach 5 can turn on a dime and maintain its structural integrity. You mention a missile's mass. A few hundred slugs of solid tungsten are no slouch, either.
"Now play out a more complex scenario where an adversary mixes a few hypersonic, supersonic, and subsonic missiles from different angles, to arrive at similar times."
Have a whole bunch of Phalanx units spread along your numerous screening ships. It's not like it has to be exclusive to the carrier. About the only way you can overwhelm a carrier group with Phalanxes all around would be to employ a Missile Massacre or to go nuclear, both of which have their own strategic problems (you're unlikely to stealth the former, raising the risk of being pre-empted, and only an omnicidal maniac would dare to let out the nuclear genie).