Re: Not as simple as that indeed....
... and the more technologically advanced societies are the ones diving the demand and consuming nearly all of the world's resources, producing all that pollution.
A problem with globalisation is that it tends towards megacorps and political systems which maintain the status quo. Large companies with excess profits borg or crush or outlaw competition before it can disrupt their profits. It is difficult to create centre of expertise in solar panels because there is almost no chance for a small company to compete commercially with the big boys. Predatory pricing, patent litigation and "co-marketing" funds for the channel mean you sell out, are sued out or are starved out of the market.
Global markets mean that cost cutting is the way to riches rather than making a better product. As long as the product lasts for a few years that's ok. It used to be a question of vendors selling products which were not quite as good as they looked. Now (at least in the tech world) they are deliberately creating them to fail, which produces economic activity and tax revenue which make us poorer. They aren't just cutting costs to increase profits, they are deliberately making sure you will need to by another one on a specific time-scale.
If you sell 100 cans of beans, cutting the quality of your sauce for an extra $1 profit isn't worth it. If you make 1bn cans of beans it becomes well worth it. That's a problem with globalisation - individuals become unimportant.
Another problem is that cheap products discourages, "mend and make do." That's great for economic statistics but rather bad for pollution. The hems on clothing these days are so small, that if the hem splits, you have no chance to restitch them -you throw the garment out and have to buy another one. If you rock on most dining chairs, the likelihood is that they will break. Kneel on the coffee table or drop a screwdriver on it and you'll break the legs and gouge through the ultra-thin veneer. It can't be fixed by most owners. If you had solid wood, you could just sand it down and re-oil it and off you go. So many items structural integrity is ensured by their completeness - break any little bit and the whole lot falls apart. This may be profitable and apparently wanted by consumers, but it isn't good for the environment.
Another problem is that selling a product is more expensive than the product itself. That means that buying wool to make your own jumper is probably more expensive than buying the finished product. This discourages skill development, encourages specialisation and the further entrenchment of the polluting status quo where wool is shipped around the world instead of being used locally.
I'm not sure there is a good solution for the West. Pretty much every improvement is going to make us poorer and disadvantage those in power. I suspect increasing competition at the price of "efficiency" (which these days means "efficiency of capital / ROI" not efficiency of the process being used to make something) might need to happen. At the very least, the government should balance its books (which will make us poorer now) because we are living beyond our means collectively. That will impoverish people, but I suspect it needs to happen and it might encourage quality at the expense of turnover and make locally produced (if less polished) product financially viable.
We need to stop kowtowing to the large corporations. If they make $10bn profit total (as reported to shareholders) and the UK is 10% of their market, tax them on $1bn. One set of accounts for the taxman and the shareholders. Let's see just how happy they are to overstate their sales when profits are on the line. If they won't provide sales unit figures, then let the taxman make his own estimate. This is not about bashing the rich, this is levelling the playing field for the smaller players who can't make the complicated financial arrangements the big boys can. This is about increasing competition between products. I want to see products competing, not competition between existing cash piles and marketing funds.