Re: think of the children....
Ah, John Lennon. Famed member of the Beatles.
What great lyrics they wrote, "Mother Mary came to me, whispering words of wisdom..."
Then there is George Harrison's worship song, "My sweet Lord... Hare Krishna."
This is the group that went and composed a lot of their songs for the White Album and Abbey Road at a Hindu retreat? Yes it is.
I guess they would be for The Chop in your Great Society where no dissension or deviation from the State sanctioned secularist belief system is allowed.
Thinking of the children... Whose children are they? Logic and the natural order of things suggests that they are the parents' responsibility, being genetically formed from them. Perhaps you'd like the State to take them away and send them to a camp to be re-educated? I hear that Nicolae Ceaușescu did that a lot in Romania in his time. What a nice atheist man he was, moving all the children around and creating large numbers of orphanages where they could run free, free from the religious shackles of their parents. Then there were other places in Eastern Europe where the little corner of the house devoted in the past to religious icons were abolished and converted to be a "red corner" in honour of new atheistic state leaders. No religion to see here folks, honest, move along. As Lennon suggested in the link you provided, these great leaders did away with possessions and religion and brought in a brotherhood of man, by force of law.
Seeing as you think the law shouldn't be broken just because you don't believe its morally right, I'm sure you'd have been a staunch supporter of all these regimes, along with the Khmer Rouge, Mao and Enver Hoxha. These would be your heros, pushing back the bounds of religion, bringing secularism to the people. Don't take my word for it. Google it yourself. The House of Saud might also agree with you there and suggest that your points (a) and (b) are in essence what is going on with this flogging. (c) is also a bit of a nonsense, since children don't grow up in a vacuum. Whether you consider what they learn a "delusion" or not is depends your point of view. I'm sure the Saudis take exactly the same view of things.
Do you sound intolerant? Yes, yes you do. With regard to your strawman, I'm not sure if I can think of any "traditional" religions which reject people based on where they are from, what someone looks like or even what their parents thought. I say "traditional" religions because... well, let's take a look at the morality proposed by "God is Dead" Nietzsche and those strongly influenced by him (who cannot be named on an internet forum but are still relevant to the discussion because of their zeal to eradicate religion). Sadly deformed at birth? Oh dear, it doesn't look good for you. Are you a Gypsy, black-skinned or Slavic - not "from the right place"? Eugenics is definitely in. Did even just one of your grandparents believe in the Torah? There's a train ride and an unpleasant shower waiting for you. It's a tragedy that Lennon was murdered by a criminal nut-job, but zealous atheist leaders seem to do things on a much grander scale. Stalin's atheistic religion led him to kill around seven million kulaks in an engineered famine. People weren't directly hurt (that wouldn't be ciivilised and there aren't bullets to spare) they were merely stripped of all possessions (including pots and pans) and everyone else was forbidden to give them aid.
The BBC's article (http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-30714702) is interesting, but Tom Holland appears to end with simply two different viewpoints struggling for political supremacy. When two viewpoints struggle and the end result of either is the obliteration of all others, I don't see how they are that different from each other. I prefer permissiveness to restriction, but that is not the way things are going. The government is legislating more and more morality as special interest groups push their social-engineering agendas. They seem desperate to have their behaviour preferences pronounced "good" and all who disagree must be silenced. All disagreement is labelled "bigotry" or "hate-speech". Why not go all the way and label it "blasphemy?"
We don't flog those with religious beliefs different from our own, but if they dare to mention those beliefs they can lose their job, have their cafe or B&B shut down by the police and courts, be rejected as foster-parents, be dismissed from working for the local council's ethics committee, and the list goes on, but no flogging, because we are civilised and we live in the "free" West. Perish the thought that someone with religious beliefs should work on an ethics committee. We don't need any of your steeekin' ethics thank-you, we only want our own.
How far from Saudi Arabia are we?