back to article Virgin 'spaceship' pilot 'unlocked tailbooms' going through sound barrier

The Virgin Galactic "spaceship" rocketplane which broke up in mid-air during a flight test on Friday deployed its unique "feather" atmospheric re-entry system far earlier than planned, according to federal investigators. VSS Enterprise in feathered descent testing. Credit: Clay Observatory/Virgin Galactic VSS Enterprise in …

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  1. Marcus Aurelius
    Devil

    When can we see the apologies?

    *cough* Tom Bower *cough*Geoff Daly*cough*Carolynne Campbell from some organisation we'd never heard of till now.

    http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/11203634/Branson-spaceship-explosion-The-missed-warnings.html

    Obviously there may be another issue which needs looking at, but everyone seems to be pointing their fingers in the wrong direction.

    1. Chris Miller

      Re: When can we see the apologies?

      And perhaps we should ban all speculation until the NTSB publish their report - but that's against human nature. I think you're using hindsight. I've no experience of air accident investigation, but if one of my computers goes TU, the first question that occurs to me is "what have we just changed?" In this case, no-one has disputed that this was the first flight using a new propellant in a rocket motor that has had a number of issues (as have most such systems). I'm glad this now appears not to have been the cause, since fixing a mechanical failure ought to be possible more quickly than replacing the propulsion system.

      1. I ain't Spartacus Gold badge

        Re: When can we see the apologies?

        Chris Miller,

        There's nothing wrong with honest speculation. But rolling out the supposed 'experts' to say that we've been warning all the time against your rocket motors, within hours of an unexplained crash is unacceptable.

        There's nothing wrong with saying that such warnings were issues. So long as you make it clear that the cause is unknown. And also make it clear that engine explosions aren't the only reason planes crash. An airframe can only take a certain amount of stress, and can catastrophically fail at those kinds of speeds, if something goes wrong. As appears to have happened here.

        The articles in the Guardian and Telegraph that I read were clearly trying to insinuate that Virgin and Scaled Composites were taking huge risks, that they'd been warned against, and doing it anyway. And using experts I've not heard of to back themselves up, while not explaining who those people were, or what their standing was. As against Scaled Composites.

        As it turns out, the engines don't look to be to blame. Not that this still might not be down to negligence, or rushing to meet a deadline. But perhaps some evidence might be in order first?

        1. werdsmith Silver badge

          Re: When can we see the apologies?

          "But rolling out the supposed 'experts' to say that we've been warning all the time against your rocket motors, within hours of an unexplained crash is unacceptable."

          These supposed "experts" could see the same photographs of the break up that we all saw, and they showed that there was no explosion.

          People should be warning us about these so called experts who frequently manages to surpass the stratospheric levels of stupidity, and the other morons who wheel them in front of cameras and into print.

      2. John Tserkezis

        Re: When can we see the apologies?

        "but if one of my computers goes TU, the first question that occurs to me is "what have we just changed?"

        This only works if you're a tinkerer, and you're changing things all the time.

        I constantly get "my tv/car/toaster/whatever is broken, and I have no idea at all what's wrong - it was working fine yesterday".

        Firstly, the "I have no idea why" is moot, because you're not trained, qualified, instructed or experienced in the device to make a judgement like that. Secondly, the fact it was "working fine yesterday" is no indicator into what went wrong. Faults are like that.

        1. Tom 35

          I have no idea

          "Firstly, the "I have no idea why" is moot, because you're not trained"

          No, it's still useful as a first step. They could for example say they had put a slice of Pizza in the toaster and it caught fire, and now it's not working. I have no idea why just tells you it's not obvious (or they are telling a porkies).

          1. Richard Jones 1
            FAIL

            Re: I have no idea

            If you ever have to deal with users then the very first thing you find out is that they never know what they did before something failed/went bang/died or whatever malfunction now ails the machine. It is always essential to perform your own walk through. In the case of the toaster is it plugged into a socket that is turned one has the machine any signs of miss-use etc. Always work from first principals.

            Guess work will take you down more rabbit holes than even the rabbits ever knew existed.

      3. Marcus Aurelius

        Re: When can we see the apologies?

        I think my hindsight was working quite well:

        http://forums.theregister.co.uk/forum/containing/2346016

        Tom Bower is a Florian Mueller like character, available for a paid doom and gloom opinion anytime, rather than a decent investigative journo.

      4. Wzrd1 Silver badge

        Re: When can we see the apologies?

        "And perhaps we should ban all speculation until the NTSB publish their report - but that's against human nature."

        I'd not ban it, only discourage speculations that don't conform with current news conference releases from the NTSB. I happened to watch video of said news conference, but seem to have missed the mention of the boom assembly moving after being unlocked.

        When going trans-sonic, things get *really* ugly, as highly significant stresses are induced down the line of travel of the aircraft/spacecraft.

        Things get uglier when the press/public gets involved, as mach 1 is relative in that arena, mach 1 for an operational craft is when *all* components are well and truly outside of the shockwave.

        As the attitude assembly was at the trailing edge, it very may well be that the shockwave induced unintended movement, secondary to mechanical locks being disengaged.

        The real question is *why* the locks were disengaged. Procedural flaw (not supported by current documents, as reported in press conference by the NTSB)? Operational friendliness design flaw (control is near a very similar appearing control that *is* on a checklist)? Informal test procedure practiced by a test pilot (unlikely, from personal experience with test pilots)? A case of intra-cranial flatulence on the part of the copilot (something quite well in the realm of possibility, on error, goto human)? Around 100000 things not considered from this highly sparse information?

        Based upon what is *known*, which is an astonishing amount of information parsed by the investigators due to the craft being highly experimental, for all that we know, based upon this sparse information, it very well could have been a Decepticon moving the copilot's arm and hand.

        The latter being the most, erm, improbable of events, as Transformers are either an electronic device or a fictitious character from a rather well earning toy line and entertainment franchise.

    2. Stevie

      Re: When can we see the apologies?

      Never, to judge by the experience of the grievously slandered by world+dog Richard Jewell.

  2. Anonymous Coward
    Anonymous Coward

    Hope they get it all sorted out and push forward, I believe this method is a step in the right direction.

    1. Mage Silver badge
      Thumb Down

      Right Direction?

      It's not real spacecraft like Dragon + Falcon. It's a toy. Such a design can't lift people, parts or satellites to orbit.

      1. Shrimpling

        Re: Right Direction?

        @Mage: You do know the long term plan is to use the White Knight mothership to launch rockets that deploy satellites?

        1. squigbobble

          Re: Right Direction?

          @Shrimpling - ...and they're late to that party, the Pegasus system is over 20 years old. The only thing I think they could beat it on is price.

          http://www.parabolicarc.com/2013/08/19/closer-orbital-sciences-stable-launch-vehicles/

          1. Shrimpling

            Re: Right Direction?

            Isn't that the point of private business in space... beating each other on price rather than relying on the expensive launch options that currently exist?

          2. PassingStrange

            Re: Right Direction?

            Virgin being late doesn't matter; if they end up providing cheap competition, by contrast, that's incredibly important. The real way to get mankind off the planet - if you'll forgive the purple prose, the true future of space exploration, and possibly even our survival as a species - lies in having lots of competing, self-interested, commercial parties capable of getting into space and making money from being there. Governments won't get us into space to any degree that matters; we've had four decades of watching how THAT one pans out, and they have completely the wrong priorities. But when there's money to be made, and lots of competition looking for new ways make it - sit back and watch the REAL Space Race begin.

            1. Anonymous Coward
              Anonymous Coward

              Re: Governments won't get us into space to any degree that matters

              Well, yes they have - twas Governments that made the first steps into space - and no first step, no second step. And while I agree that (most likely) it will be private enterprise which finishes the job, I could just point out that there's not been that much evidence of commercial enterprises desperately trying to get us to the stars in exchange for customer money: how many man-rated commercial spacecraft are operating now exactly? And how long ago did those lazy, inefficient, taxpayer-gouging Goverments first do it?

              1. Destroy All Monsters Silver badge
                Facepalm

                Re: Governments won't get us into space to any degree that matters

                Well, yes they have - twas Governments that made the first steps into space - and no first step, no second step.

                You seem to be confusing "promising to wipe out our cities" with "steps into space".

                They are still promising btw, better and harder.

              2. Belardi

                Re: Governments won't get us into space to any degree that matters

                The budget for NASA is soooo tiny, its a tiny fraction of 1%. Lets say you had $1000USD, NASA would be about 25 cents.

                Hell, the US Govt. spent much more in IRAQ to run air conditioners than NASA operations. The USA would be far more advance if we spent less on KILL toys and more on education and science.

                1. Alan Brown Silver badge

                  Re: Governments won't get us into space to any degree that matters

                  "Hell, the US Govt. spent much more in IRAQ to run air conditioners than NASA operations. "

                  At the peak of NASA spending, the american public spent more on pizza deliveries than NASA got.

                  1. Anonymous Coward
                    Anonymous Coward

                    Re: at peak NASA spending, the american public spent more on pizza

                    OK, now compare peak NASA spending to peak private enterprise spending on spacey stuff. Or man-rated spacey stuff if you prefer. Make sure there's no double counting.

                    Actually, I don't know what the answer is (although I could hazard a guess). And by all means slag off Govts for being crap, but let's at least keep our comparisons fair. NASA vs pizza or NASA vs Military isn't (as far as I can tell) at the core of the argument here - it's public "space" vs private enterprise "space"

            2. Anonymous Coward
              Anonymous Coward

              Re: Right Direction?

              Don't forget that Arthur C Clarke proposed this system in 'Prelude to Space' (pub. 1951) but the idea was ignored because rockets were considered 'the way to go'.

              Just where is the sense in throwing away the bulk of what you are using to get such a small payload into space as is done today? At least SpaceX are trying to recover some of what is normally just thrown away.

              1. GrantB
                Boffin

                Re: Right Direction?

                I used to think the same.

                I saw images as a kid of the shuttle being transported on top of a 747; so thought why not just launch a disposable rocket stage + small lifting body return craft (say a Northrop HL-10) via a B52 or 747?. The carrier aircraft could be relatively cheap & reusable and carry the assembly to high altitudes & near mach 1, before launch rather than accelerating the rocket from zero feet and zero speed.

                Turns out, it is not such a great idea in general, in particular when trying to throw tonnes of mass into space.

                For a start, it does not win you very much. To make orbit you need ~mach 25 delta-v, so even if the carrier aircraft is traveling mach 1, you are only 4% there. Just carrying 5% more rocket fuel would give you similar win.

                Then to hit that mach-25 you need a big rocket anyway. When you have a big (but very light) tube full of rocket fuel, the easiest way of assembling that tube of rocket fuel is having it sit vertically on the ground, rather than strapped under or over the launch aircraft & stressed to take G's horizontally and vertically.

                Finally every Kg of mass you have to accelerate to orbital speed and have to bring back (especially if you have a reusable return vehicle that has wheels, wings etc) costs lots of money per Kg, so best that you dispose of as much of it as you go - i.e. a multi-stage disposable vertical launch rocket for putting stuff into orbit that you want to keep in orbit.

                This is why the rocket scientists from Von Braun onwards stick to conventional rockets.

                There are interesting alternatives of course; I liked the thinking behind the McDonnell Douglas DC-X, and for small payloads, something like a carrier aircraft or balloon to get a smallish (solid fuel?) rocket above the dense atmosphere might work out (i.e..nozzle design could be optimised).

                Even the Skylon might fly one day, but DC-X/Skylon have never got anywhere near space and (as this accident shows), SpaceShip 2 is still a work in progress.

            3. Field Marshal Von Krakenfart

              Re: Right Direction?

              @PassingStrange

              Virgin being late doesn't matter

              Some things never change....

              1. James Pickett
                Coat

                Re: Right Direction?

                "Virgin being late doesn't matter"

                Only if they're still a virgin...

            4. Alan Brown Silver badge

              Re: Right Direction?

              "The real way to get mankind off the planet - "

              Is to stop messing around with oversized firecrackers and concentrate on more practical systems.

              Rockets are fine for what they do, but they have extremely limited payloads. You're firing something at the ground and riding the recoil to orbit. Better to fire bullets to orbit instead, or use a slingshot and launch the payload that way.

          3. JeffyPoooh
            Pint

            Re: Right Direction?

            "The only thing I think they could beat it on is price."

            Contender for QotW me thinks.

        2. Mage Silver badge

          Re: Right Direction?

          @ Shrimpling

          That then would be a Rocket, not Spaceship2

          It may be a plan, but if you do the sums for an actual useful orbit, you'll find the Mother plane isn't much advantage and seriously limits the payload.

          If it worked, it would effectively be a completely different orbital launch solution. Spaceship2 is incapable of orbit.

        3. Alan Brown Silver badge

          Re: Right Direction?

          "You do know the long term plan is to use the White Knight mothership to launch rockets that deploy satellites?"

          The orbital payload for Pegasus rockets (air-launched from under a L-1011) is small and the payload for anything launched from White Knight would be similarly small.

          The only advantage from air launching is ~20 seconds less in thicker air. The added speed is negligible compared with velocities necessary to attain/escape orbit.

          The added complexity of air launching will make the whole exercise academic if/when SpaceX achieve routine first stage flyback/reuse (far larger payloads and lower per-kilo cost to orbit). SpaceX are reportedly aiming for second stage retrieval too and at that stage I'm fairly sure Pegasus and a bunch of other small launchers will be put out to pasture.

          Aviation messed around with airlaunched systems in the 1930s heyday of flying boats but it proved much easier to make larger flying boats, for the same reasons. (The Short Mayo Composite)

  3. Anonymous Coward
    Anonymous Coward

    "Wealthy customers have signed up in large numbers to see a black sky "

    Climb a remote mountain or sail offshore - at night

    1. Marcus Aurelius
      FAIL

      Re: "Wealthy customers have signed up in large numbers to see a black sky "

      "Climb a remote mountain or sail offshore - at night"

      If you're thinking of something less risky, you seem to have forgotten the recent deaths in the Himalayas and the numerous deaths that occur when boats lose their battle to stay intact against a pissed off ocean.

      1. Chemist

        Re: "Wealthy customers have signed up in large numbers to see a black sky "

        "You seem to have forgotten the recent deaths in the Himalayas ......"

        What's that got to do with it. He didn't say climb a dangerous mountain and for that matter the stars against a black sky were magnificent only a mile from Salcombe with our boat tied to its pontoon.

      2. Anonymous Coward
        Anonymous Coward

        Re: "Wealthy customers have signed up in large numbers to see a black sky "

        "If you're thinking of something less risky, you seem to have forgotten....."

        I wasn't - I was pointing out that of the many reasons for undertaking a sub-orbital trip the black sky was a pretty wimpy one as it could easily be experienced in many ways.

    2. Destroy All Monsters Silver badge
      Thumb Down

      Re: "Wealthy customers have signed up in large numbers to see a black sky "

      Climb a remote mountain or sail offshore - at night

      Call the Waaahambulance - Someone is not spending his money as Anonymous Coward and God intend.

      1. Solmyr ibn Wali Barad

        Re: "Wealthy customers have signed up in large numbers to see a black sky "

        "Call the Waaahambulance"

        No, call to ban the lot. That's the usual drill.

        E-substances, explosions, experiments, expeditions, enterprises, endeavours, extravaganza, expensive entertainment, etc, etc. And that's just an entry list of enormous horrors that are enthralling our endangered society. Don't even dare to look at what comes under letters p and t.

    3. Anonymous Coward
      Anonymous Coward

      Re: "Wealthy customers have signed up in large numbers to see a black sky "

      They could just stand on their money...

    4. Vladimir Plouzhnikov

      Re: "Wealthy customers have signed up in large numbers to see a black sky "

      "Climb a remote mountain or sail offshore - at night"

      Aha. Or just close your eyes and shout "whooosh!!!"

    5. Anonymous Coward
      Anonymous Coward

      Re: "Wealthy customers have signed up in large numbers to see a black sky "

      Or just go caving :)

  4. Anonymous Coward
    Anonymous Coward

    Why...

    While the immediate cause may, or may not, have been the pilot's action, the real question is WHY did an experienced test pilot feel the need to attempt this? I think there's a lot more to come out.

    1. Phil O'Sophical Silver badge

      Re: Why...

      Attempt what? It's a test pilot's job to, well, fly test flights. The article makes no suggestion that either pilot did anything improper.

      1. Anonymous Coward
        Anonymous Coward

        Re: Why...

        You've entirely missed the point. I did not ask why he attempted the flight, but why he deployed the feathering mechanism extremely early. In fact he did break a rule, something test pilots sometimes have to do. The feathering mechanism is not supposed to be deployed until Mach 1.4 is reached.

        1. petur

          Re: Why...

          @ AC: You've entirely missed the part that says that he DIDN'T touch the handle - only the lock/unlock (which might have been needed for some other action?)

          Nice touch of you downvoting somebody pointing you at your error.

        2. Chands

          Re: Why...

          If you read the article, it says he 'unlocked' the feather system. he didn't deploy it. it's a two stage process.

          1. sandholme

            Re: Why...

            Two stage processes are normally used to avoid a single point failure. Arming a control brings you back to a single failure condition (Unless there were still more safety devices.

            However you also have to remember that the more interlocks the greater the chance of one of them failing and the resulting complexity actually increasing the risk of failure.

    2. Simon Harris

      Re: Why...

      Who knows without knowing what the standard operating procedure is for the craft? It seems rather early to apportion blame on the flight crew - while the video may have shown the co-pilot unlocking the mechanism (first step), it doesn't show him activating it (second step) - maybe it's designed to be capable of flying unlocked without actually activating feathering?

    3. Anonymous Coward
      Stop

      Re: Why...

      Read it carefully, they say the system was effectively armed but appears not to have been activated.

      So in old fashioned terms, they seem to have released the safety catch but not pulled the trigger, but somehow, the bullets went flying out.

      1. Bunbury

        Re: Why...

        While it may be that the craft did something against expectation (and upvoted for pointing that out to the AC) it's just one person saying what seems to have appeared on some of the available data, and of course if accurate the investigation will need to find out why that occured. Better not to speculate on what happened until a full assessment is made.

        Very sad for the pilots and their friend and family.

        1. Dr. Mouse

          Re: Why...

          I would love to know if it is normal procedure to unlock the arms at that point. From a logical point of view, arming the mechanism would appear to be best done later, after the rocket burn.

          Could it have been armed accidentally?

          However, I am not even a pilot, let alone a rocket ship test pilot. Mainly, I am being Captain Hindsight.

          My thoughts go out to the friends and family of both pilots.

      2. Mark 85

        Re: Why...

        I'm of the observation that one does NOT release the safety until one is ready to pull the trigger. Murphy is always lying in wait. Yeah.. crap happens but interlocks are there to minimize that. It's very possible the checklist said this action should be performed at this time... but all this still needs to be sorted out.

        It's funny (and not in a ha-ha way), to me, if we go back over the last several days of commentard's speaking up.. the majority seemed to blame the fuel and motor even though the available photos didn't show an explosion and the observers on the ground didn't see one. I'm curious what started the feathering... mechanical failure? Servo failure? Maintenance screwup? The NTSB is very good at what they do but it will take some time to examine all the data.

        1. Vic

          Re: Why...

          I'm curious what started the feathering... mechanical failure?

          I suspect we'll need to wait for the accident report to know for sure.

          So far, everyone here seems to believe the feather lock control to be a simple safety lock on the feathering handle; I don't know for sure if this is true, but the Reuters report I read seems to imply a rather different situation - that it is a control to lock the feathering section in place physically.

          This disctinction is important, because things get tricky at mach 1; the loads on areodynamic surfaces can become very large, and shock waves tend to propagate from prtorusions into the air flow. It is entirely possible - and I have no evidence whatsoever to support this; it is merely hypothesis - that the transition to supersonic flight could cause feather deflection despite the feathering control not having been operated.

          So - perhaps we should wait until the experts with the evidence come up with a plausible story...

          Vic.

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